«Papi»: Sylvia Plath; poema y análisis.
Papi (Daddy) es un poema feminista de la escritora norteamericana Sylvia Plath (1932-1963), escrito en 1962 y publicado de manera póstuma en la antología de 1965: Ariel (Ariel).
Papi, uno de los poemas de Sylvia Plath más reconocidos, y probablemente uno de los poemas modernos más controversiales, es una alegoría oscura, surrealista, y ciertamente dolorosa, que utiliza metáforas desmesuradas —entre ellas, al nazismo y a los vampiros— para expresar la mezcla de sentimientos de una mujer, una víctima, que por fin se libera de su padre.
En este contexto, Papi de Sylvia Plath es un notable poema de empoderamiento, de liberación de los mandatos paternales.
Papi.
Daddy, Sylvia Plath (1932-1963)
Ya no me quedas, no me calzas,
zapato negro, nunca más.
Allí dentro viví como un pie
durante treinta y tantos años, pobre y blanca,
sin atreverme a respirar.
Papi, he tenido que liquidarte.
Estabas muerto antes de que hubiese tenido tiempo,
Pesado como mármol, lleno de Dios,
estatua lúgubre de una sola pezuña parda
Grande como un sello de San Francisco.
Una sola cabeza sobre el caprichoso Atlántico
Donde derrama granos verdes sobre el azul
Aguas afuera de la hermosa Nauset.
Me acostumbré a rezar para que volvieras.
En la lengua alemana, en el pueblo polaco,
Raídos, nivelados por la aplanadora
De las guerras, las guerras, las guerras.
Pero el nombre del pueblo no es extraño.
Dice mi amigo el polaco.
Que hay más de una docena
De modo que no puedo acertar dónde
Tú pusiste la planta, tu raíz,
Yo nunca pude hablarte
Se me pegaba la lengua al paladar.
Se trabó en una trampa alambrada de púas
Ich, ich, yo, yo.
Apenas si podía hablar,
Creía que todo alemán eras tú
Y el obsceno lenguaje
Una máquina, era una máquina
Insultándome como a una judía.
Otro judío a Dachau, Auschwitz, Belsen.
Como judía empecé a hablar
Y pienso que muy bien judía puedo ser.
Las nieves del Tirol, la cerveza de Viena
No son tan puras ni tan auténticas.
Con mi linaje gitano y mi extraña suerte
Y mi mazo de Tarot, mis cartas de Tarot
Muy bien puedo ser algo judía.
Siempre te he tenido a ti
Con tu Luftwaffe, con tu glugluglú,
Y tu recortado bigote
Y tu ojo ario, azul celeste.
Hombre-panzer. Oh, tú...
No Dios, sino una esvástica
Tan negra que ningún cielo podría cernirse.
Toda mujer adora a un fascista,
la bota en la cara, el brutal
brutal corazón de una bestia como tú.
De pie estás en la pizarra, papi,
En la fotografía que tengo de ti,
Una hendidura en la barbilla
En vez de en tu pie.
Pero no menos demonio por eso, no,
No menos que el hombre de negro.
Que puso freno a mi lindo y rojo corazón
Tenía diez años cuando te enterraron.
A los veinte intenté morir
Y regresé, regresé a ti
Pensé que hasta mis huesos volverían también.
Pero me sacaron de la talega
Y me reconstruyeron con goma.
Y entonces supe qué hacer.
Hice un modelo de ti.
Un hombre de negro con aire de Meinkampf.
Amante del tormento y la deformación
Yo dije sí, sí quiero.
Así, papito, he terminado al fin.
El teléfono se arrancó de raíz,
Las voces ya no pueden carcomerme más.
He matado a un hombre, he matado a dos
Al vampiro que dijo ser tú
Y bebió de mi sangre todo un año,
Siete años si quieres enterarte,
Papito, puedes descansar en paz ahora.
Hay una estaca en tu negro, burdo corazón,
A los aldeanos nunca les gustaste.
Están bailando y zapateando sobre ti,
siempre supieron que eras tú;
Papi, papi, bastardo, estás acabado.
You do not do, you do not do
Any more, black shoe
In which I have lived like a foot
For thirty years, poor and white,
Barely daring to breathe or Achoo.
Daddy, I have had to kill you.
You died before I had time—
Marble-heavy, a bag full of God,
Ghastly statue with one gray toe
Big as a Frisco seal
And a head in the freakish Atlantic
Where it pours bean green over blue
In the waters off beautiful Nauset.
I used to pray to recover you.
Ach, du.
In the German tongue, in the Polish town
Scraped flat by the roller
Of wars, wars, wars.
But the name of the town is common.
My Polack friend
Says there are a dozen or two.
So I never could tell where you
Put your foot, your root,
I never could talk to you.
The tongue stuck in my jaw.
It stuck in a barb wire snare.
Ich, ich, ich, ich,
I could hardly speak.
I thought every German was you.
And the language obscene
An engine, an engine
Chuffing me off like a Jew.
A Jew to Dachau, Auschwitz, Belsen.
I began to talk like a Jew.
I think I may well be a Jew.
The snows of the Tyrol, the clear beer of Vienna
Are not very pure or true.
With my gipsy ancestress and my weird luck
And my Taroc pack and my Taroc pack
I may be a bit of a Jew.
I have always been scared of you,
With your Luftwaffe, your gobbledygoo.
And your neat mustache
And your Aryan eye, bright blue.
Panzer-man, panzer-man, O You—
Not God but a swastika
So black no sky could squeak through.
Every woman adores a Fascist,
The boot in the face, the brute
Brute heart of a brute like you.
You stand at the blackboard, daddy,
In the picture I have of you,
A cleft in your chin instead of your foot
But no less a devil for that, no not
Any less the black man who
Bit my pretty red heart in two.
I was ten when they buried you.
At twenty I tried to die
And get back, back, back to you.
I thought even the bones would do.
But they pulled me out of the sack,
And they stuck me together with glue.
And then I knew what to do.
I made a model of you,
A man in black with a Meinkampf look
And a love of the rack and the screw.
And I said I do, I do.
So daddy, I’m finally through.
The black telephone’s off at the root,
The voices just can’t worm through.
If I’ve killed one man, I’ve killed two—
The vampire who said he was you
And drank my blood for a year,
Seven years, if you want to know.
Daddy, you can lie back now.
There’s a stake in your fat black heart
And the villagers never liked you.
They are dancing and stamping on you.
They always knew it was you.
Daddy, daddy, you bastard, I’m through.
Sylvia Plath (1932-1963)
Any more, black shoe
In which I have lived like a foot
For thirty years, poor and white,
Barely daring to breathe or Achoo.
Daddy, I have had to kill you.
You died before I had time—
Marble-heavy, a bag full of God,
Ghastly statue with one gray toe
Big as a Frisco seal
And a head in the freakish Atlantic
Where it pours bean green over blue
In the waters off beautiful Nauset.
I used to pray to recover you.
Ach, du.
In the German tongue, in the Polish town
Scraped flat by the roller
Of wars, wars, wars.
But the name of the town is common.
My Polack friend
Says there are a dozen or two.
So I never could tell where you
Put your foot, your root,
I never could talk to you.
The tongue stuck in my jaw.
It stuck in a barb wire snare.
Ich, ich, ich, ich,
I could hardly speak.
I thought every German was you.
And the language obscene
An engine, an engine
Chuffing me off like a Jew.
A Jew to Dachau, Auschwitz, Belsen.
I began to talk like a Jew.
I think I may well be a Jew.
The snows of the Tyrol, the clear beer of Vienna
Are not very pure or true.
With my gipsy ancestress and my weird luck
And my Taroc pack and my Taroc pack
I may be a bit of a Jew.
I have always been scared of you,
With your Luftwaffe, your gobbledygoo.
And your neat mustache
And your Aryan eye, bright blue.
Panzer-man, panzer-man, O You—
Not God but a swastika
So black no sky could squeak through.
Every woman adores a Fascist,
The boot in the face, the brute
Brute heart of a brute like you.
You stand at the blackboard, daddy,
In the picture I have of you,
A cleft in your chin instead of your foot
But no less a devil for that, no not
Any less the black man who
Bit my pretty red heart in two.
I was ten when they buried you.
At twenty I tried to die
And get back, back, back to you.
I thought even the bones would do.
But they pulled me out of the sack,
And they stuck me together with glue.
And then I knew what to do.
I made a model of you,
A man in black with a Meinkampf look
And a love of the rack and the screw.
And I said I do, I do.
So daddy, I’m finally through.
The black telephone’s off at the root,
The voices just can’t worm through.
If I’ve killed one man, I’ve killed two—
The vampire who said he was you
And drank my blood for a year,
Seven years, if you want to know.
Daddy, you can lie back now.
There’s a stake in your fat black heart
And the villagers never liked you.
They are dancing and stamping on you.
They always knew it was you.
Daddy, daddy, you bastard, I’m through.
Sylvia Plath (1932-1963)
Poemas góticos. I Poemas de Sylvia Plath.
Más literatura gótica:
El análisis, resumen y traducción al español del poema de Sylvia Plath: Papi (Daddy), fueron realizados por El Espejo Gótico. Para su reproducción escríbenos a elespejogotico@gmail.com
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